2015年7月4日 阅读机经
2015-07-13 11:31 作者: 来源:新东方哈尔滨学校国外考试部 字号:T|T
2015年7月4日 阅读机经考题回忆
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新旧情况 |
题材 |
题目 |
题型及数量 |
Passage 1 |
新题 |
发展史 |
The origin of cameras |
填空题4个 表格填空4个 判断题5个 |
文章大意 |
照相机的发展史 近似背景文章: The origin of camera The history of the camera can be traced much further back than the introduction of photograph. Camera evolved from the camera obscura, and continued to change through many generations of photographic technology, including daguerreotypes, calotypes, dry plates, film and digital camera. Photographic cameras were a development of the camera obscura, a device possibly dating back to the ancient Chinese and ancient Greeks, which uses a pinhole lens to project an image of the scene outside upside-down onto a viewing surface. An Arab physicist, ibn al-Haytham, published his book of optics in 1021 AD. He created the first pinhole camera after observing how light traveled through a window shutter. Ibn al-Haytham realized that smaller holes would create sharper images. Ibn al-Haytham is also credited with inventing the first camera obscura. On 24 January 1544, mathematician and instrument maker Reiners Gemma Frisius of Leuven University used one to watch a solar eclipse, publishing a diagram of his method in De Radio Astronimica et Geometrico in the following year. In 1558 Giovanni Batista della Porta was the first to recommend the method as an aid to drawing. Before the invention of photographic processes there was no way to preserve the images produced by these cameras apart from manually tracing them. The earlies cameras were room-sized, with space for one or more people inside; these gradually evolved into more and more compact models such as that by Niepce’s time portable handheld cameras suitable for photography were readily available. The first camera that was small and portable enough to be practical for photography was envisioned by Johann Zahn in 1685, though it would be almost 150 years before such an application was possible. |
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部分考生回忆答案 |
1、drum;2、rotator;3、paper;4、showing illusion;5、photography;6、mirror;7、disco;8、on a screen;9、T;10、F;11、F several of CC(一种电影)still exist today;12、T;13、NG |
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Passage 2 |
新题 |
科技类 |
The treetop research
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配对题(段落信息)5个 配对题(人名配对)5个 填空2个 |
文章大意 |
What is the tree top Barbie project? Treetop Barbie was designed to inspire youth especially young girls to become aware of the field of the forest canopy. She is a real Barbie doll, but wears hand-tailored clothes that are modeled on real field clothes and climbing gear, including a field guide to canopy plants and animals both Barbie and human-sized. The treetop Barbie package includes the doll and a personal letter from Barbie about forests and their importance to people. What issues does this project address? Treetop Barbie can serve as a role model to encourage young girls in directions that are alternatives to the mainstream Barbie doll and what she represents in our society. Treetop Barbie and her accompanying educational materials also provide a link between youth and an exciting part of the natural world in tropical and temperate ecosystems. How can I get a treetop Barbie? Treetop Barbie is distributed by the international canopy network, a not for profit organization dedicated to promoting forest canopy conservation through research and education. Funds generated will support this and other outreach activities. Exploration of forest canopies is no easy task-since researchers can’t cross between treetop, they have to clamber up trunks, explore, descend, and then climb the next. Or they did, until the advent of the Solvin bretzel canopy raft. A canopy raft is basically , an inflatable PVC fontoon frame with high-tension netting spread between. They’re pre-inflated and lifted into positioned via airship, dirigible or helicopter. Once in position, the rafts are set down among the treetop, allowing researchers unfettered access to the uppermost reaches of the forest ecosystem. Scientists can observe from the raft, rappel from it too-they can even live on its temporary floor for several days at a time. The pretzel shape of the raft in the top image is known as a solvin bretzel created by architect gilles ebersolt , a recent design that replaced the previous , octagonal raft shape. Its unique 400m2 area offers numerous advantages over its predecessors. It’s a more structurally sound platform that maximizes surface area, preventing any outlying section from folding or collapsing. It’s also extremely lightweight-meaning it doesn’t crush the new growth of the canopy upon which it rests. |
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部分考生回忆答案 |
14、E opinion of experts on a certain access method have changed 15、D a description of physical limitation of a certain access 16、F 17、A the details of ecological and environment of canopy 18、B a description of lack of cooperation and research 19、c;20、e;21、a;22、d;23、b;24、asserts;25、ballon |
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Passage 3 |
新题 |
书籍类 |
The grimme fairy tale |
判断题6个 单选题3个 完成句子5个 |
文章大意 |
近似背景知识介绍 Grimm’s fairy tales This book contains 209 tales collected by the brothers Grimm. The exact print source is unknown. The etext appears to be based on the translation by Margaret hunt called grimm’s household tales, but it is not identical to her edition. The first volume of the first edition was published in 1812, containing 86 stories; the second volume of 70 stories followed in 1815. For the second edition, two volumes were issued in 1819 and a third in 1822, totaling 170 tales. The third edition appeared in 1837; forth edition, 1840; fifth edition, 1843; sixth edition, 1850; seventh edition, 1857. Stories were added and also subtracted from one edition to the next until the seventh held 211 tales. All editions were extensively illustrated first by philipp grot johann and after his death in 1892, by German illustrator Robert Leinweber. The first volumes were much criticized because although they were called children’s tales, they were not regarded as suitable for children, both for the scholarly information included and the subject matter. Many changes through the editions such as turning the wicked mother of the first edition in snow white and hansel and Gretel to a stepmother, were probably made with an eye to such suitability. They removed sexual references such as rapunzel’s innocently asking why her dress was getting tight around her belly, and thus natively revealing to her stepmother her pregnancy and the prince’s visits but in many respects violence particularly when punishing villains, was increased. In 1825, the brothers published that Kleine Ausgabe or small edition, a selection of 50 tales designed for child readers. This children’s version went through ten editions between 1825 and 1858. Influence The influence of these books was widespread. W.H. Auden praised the collection during second world war, as one of the founding works of western culture. The tales themselves have been put to many uses. Hitler praised them as folkish tales showing children with sound racial instincts seeking racially pure marriage partners and so strongly that the allied forces warmed against them; for instance Cinderella with the heroine as racially pure, the stepmother as an alien and the prince with an unspoiled instinct being able to distinguish. Writers who have written about the Holocaust have combined the tales with their memories as jane yolen in her briar rose. The work of the brothers grimm influenced other collectors both inspiring them to collect tales and leading them to similarly believe in a spirit of romantic nationalism that the fairy tales of a country were particularly representative of it, to the neglect of cross cultural influence. Among those influenced were the Russian alexander, the Norwegians, the English joseph Jacobs and jeremiah curtin, an American who collected irish tales. There was not always a pleased reaction to their collection. Joseph Jacobs was in part inspired by his complaint that English children did not read English fairy tales in his own words, what Perrault began, the grimms completed. Three individuals works of Wilhelm grimm include Altdanische Heldenlieder, Balladen and Marchen in 1811. |
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部分考生回忆答案 |
27、N the crime brother knew they would gain international fame, the lasting fame would shock the grimmes. 28、NG the grimmes were inforced to do work of their own secret. 29、Y the sales of fairy tale in England was higher than in German. 30、NG 31、Y some parents still thought the fairy tale was not good for their children; 32、N the fairy tale author considered the man who made contributions to the story of Cinderella as the original model. 33、A the flowering of children literature level in 1800s. 34、A— illustration the change of fairy tale in order to match with the modern times (refining and resoftening) 35、C 36、D another contributor of the fairy tale in Italy 37、F the reason why some people think the fairy tale belongs to German 38、H some violent stories 39、E 40、D |
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评价 |
本次阅读题目都是新题,难度不小,题材涉及范围较广,考生对于这类专业性文章缺乏阅读条件,题目全部涉及雅思阅读的五大题型,但是没有小标题题目的出现,考生应多精读专业性和广泛性强的文章。 |
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