题干词     同义词     中文释义

revered    greately admired/honored      敬重的

impulse to        push toward    推动

address    deal with 应对

portable   movable   便携的

marvelous        wonderful         神奇的

afford       provide     提供

ease into slowly enter     慢慢来

retain/sustain/maintain  keep          保持

sentimental     emotional         情绪化的

cultivate  encourage the growth of         培养

permeate         spread throughout  弥漫

duty responsibility   职责

chronological   time 按时间顺序的

wrought   created    精制的

autonomous    independent    独立的

viable        capable of succeeding     可行的

accessible to    available to      可获得的

deplete    use up      耗尽

trigger      initiate     触发

emanate from originate from 源于

more robust     stronger  有活力的

momentum      push          动力

shrinkage          reduction 收缩

aptitude   ability       天赋

superficially      on first impression  表面地

remote     distant     遥远的

resistance        opposition        抵抗

indiscriminate random    随意的

regardless of   no matter         不管

quantify   calculate  量化

disrupted disordered        混乱的

cycle         repeat      循环

capacity   potential  能力

pointless  of no use  无意义的

might        strength  能力

compile    put together    汇集

coexist     live together    共存

contract to/diminish        reduce to 缩减

evolve       develop    进化

mundane ordinary   平凡的

decisive    determining     决定性的

rival competitor       对手

fortunately       luckily       幸运地

resolve     settle        解决

abruptly   suddenly  突然地

congestion       overcrowding  拥挤

discontent        unhappiness    不满

continually        regularly  不断地

compact  press together         紧缩

construct create      建造

distort      irregular  混乱

sensitive to      affected by       敏感的

suspicion distrust    怀疑

integrity   unity         一致性

precede   occur before    在…之前

repulse     drive back         击退

instrument/implement    tool  工具

strenuous         put more energy      费力的

assume    take on     承担

furnish      equip        装备

unceasing         continual 不停的

attribute to      be responsible for/credit/ ascribe   把…归因于

witness    experience       目睹

preoccupation concern    注意

congregate      gather      集合

comprise consist of 包含

heighten  increase   提高

insight      perceptiveness         洞察力

regard for         concern for       对…的关注

rigid fixed          死板的

absolutely         definitely 完全地

supplement/augment/ contribute to/ integrate     combine/ coordinate/add to   结合

sabotage intentionally damage       伤害

sought      tried to obtain 追求

fleeting    brief 短暂的

uniform/ compatible        consistent        一致的

burgeoning       increasingly expanding    迅速发展的

sleek         smooth    光滑的

proliferate        increase quickly        猛增

foundation/underlying     basic/rudimentary/ elementary      基础/基础的

mask/ obscure          hide 隐藏

aim to do intend to do     打算做…

anticipate         predict     预期

functions role  功能

recommend     support    推荐

widespread/ typical          common/ pervasive        普遍的

controversial   debated/producing disagreement  有争议的

prolong    extend      延长

readily      quickly/ easily  轻易地

divert        redirect    转向

precise     accurate  精确的

configuration   arrangement   结构

as opposed to  in contrast to   对比

component/ fragment     piece/constituent/ part   构成部分

attest to  provide evidence of/ confirm   证实

associated with        related to/connected to  联系

imitator   the people who copied someone     模仿者

painstaking      with great effort      不辞辛苦的

discard     abandon/throw away      抛弃

virtually    almost completely   几乎

periodically       at regular intervals of time      周期性地

elaborate/sophisticated complex/ highly developed      复杂的

ideal/exquisite          perfect     理想的

baffle/perplex  puzzle       使困惑

dramatic/ impressive       striking/ powerful/remarkable         显著的

startled/ astonishing       surprised 受惊的

enable      allow/ make possible       使能够

irritating  annoying  令人恼怒的

slightly     by very small amounts/subtly 少量地

skepticism        doubt        怀疑

pioneering        original     先驱的

distinct/ discrete/ segregated/ isolated separate  不同的

in essence        basically   本质上

ardent      enthusiastic     热烈的

apparent(ly)     evident/noticeable & seemingly      明显的

scanty      few  少的

resemble look like/be similar to       相似

lone single        单个的

proper      appropriate      合适的

thereby/ thus/ subsequently   consequently/ later/ therefore/ hence   因此

conducive/optimal   favorable to     有助于

generate produce   产生

quest        search      探索

tend take care of      照料

specified  typical/ distinctive   独特的

generally usually      通常

adapt        adjust       适应

invariably always      一贯地

lethal        deadly      致命的

gradual    slow 渐进的

vicinity      surrounding area     周边地区

intended  desired     渴望的

in principle        theoretically    原则上

consumption    use of products and services   消耗

advent      arrival       到来

undoubtedly/surely/doubtless         certainly  毫无疑问地

scrutiny close observation    仔细观察

scatter/ diffuse/ disperse        distribute/widely separate/spread apart        分散

fragile/vulnerable    easily damaged        脆弱的

swift         quick/ fast        快速的

proponent        supporter         支持者

suffice      be enough        足够

founding  establishment 建立

assess      evaluate  评估

massively          extensively       巨大地

unprecedented         not previously experienced      前所未有的

era   period       时代

pragmatic / feasible         practical  实际的

embrace  adopt        采用

nominal    named someone as the person in charge but did not give her/him        名义上的

ignore       pay no attention      忽略

unintentional   unplanned/ inadvertent  非故意的

overwhelmingly        without doubt/ too large for   压倒性地

a case in point a good example        恰当的例子

recognize/ admit     accept      承认

simultaneously         at the same time     同时

courteous         polite        礼貌的

surplus     excess/ extra/ too much 过量的

in some degree        to a certain extent  从某种程度上

conducted        carried out       实施；执行

found wanting judged inadequate  不足的

duration   length       时长

modify      make changes to/ alter   调整

exercise   apply         运用

obvious/explicit/ conspicuous clear/ easily noticed/ transparent/visible        明显的

shallow    having little depth   浅的

tactic        strategy   策略

dense       thick          厚的

profound  very strong       深刻的

appeal to attract     对…有吸引力

erase/eradicate       eliminate 消除；抹掉

anxiety     worry        忧虑

evenly       equally     平均地

trait feature     特征

incentive  motivation        刺激；动机

unique      one-of-a-kind   特有的；独一无二的

hitherto   up until then    迄今为止

coincidence      at the same time and by chance     巧合

trace         evidence  痕迹；踪迹

edible       fit to be eaten 可食用的

nevertheless    however  然而

indicator  sign  指标；指示物

hazardous        dangerous        危险的

eminent   distinguished   卓越的

stationary         fixed/ nonmoving     固定的

notion/concept         idea 概念

conceivable      imaginable       想得到的

commonplace  ordinary   平凡的

excrete/ emit  release     分泌

acute/harsh/drastic         severe      严重的

straightforward       simple      直接的

impractical       unrealistic        不切实际的

accordingly       correspondingly       相应地

enormous/vast         huge/tremendous   巨大的

task job    任务

reinforce  strengthen       加强

endure     withstand/survive   忍耐

initially     at first      最初

drawn to  attracted toward     被吸引

implications     consequences 含意

flourish     prosper    繁荣

sufficient/suitable   enough/ adequate   充分的

stagnation        lack of growth 停滞

mimic/ replicate       reproduce/ copy       模仿

conventional    standard  常规的

mean        average   平均的

account for       explain     解释

integral/critical/indispensable         essential  不可缺少的

discrepancy      inconsistency   差异

striking     noteworthy      惊人的

prerequisite     requirement    必要条件

persuasive        convincing/compelling     令人信服的

elusive      hard to identify         难捉摸的

detect      sense/ discover/ find        发觉

methodically    systematically 有条理地

investigate/inspect examine/ study/ look into        研究

constrain/ confine/restrict      limit/ inhibit     限制

margins   limits        边缘

extract     remove    提取

monotonous    unchanging      单调的

ornament         decoration        装饰

stamina   endurance        耐力

authority expert      权威

magnitude/ scale/ proportion size  大小

relative    compared to/ comparative/ comparable         比较的

highlight  emphasize        强调

deliberately      intentionally     故意地

predominant    major        主要的

combination     mix   结合

criteria     standards         标准

intermittent     start and stop often         间歇性的

counter    combat    对抗

contradictory   conflicting         相互矛盾的

breakthrough  development   突破

manifestations         expressions      表明

persistent/ enduring        lasting/ durable        持续的

exclusively/ merely  only/ solely       仅仅

surge/ spurt     sudden increase       激增

sustain/ back up       support/ continue    支持

inviting     encouraging     引起

expelled from  no longer occupied  放弃

derive/ acquire         obtain       获取

annihilate         destroy    彻底消除

convey      transmit  传达

ambiguous       unclear     模糊的

cumulative/ synthesizing         combining/ altogether/ end    积累的

the norm common  规范

prolific      highly productive     多产的

adjacent/ adjoining         nearby/next to/ bordering       毗邻的

episodes  occurrences     事件

at intervals       periodically       周期性的

a wealth of       an abundance of      大量的

temporarily      briefly       暂时

correspond to/ parallel/ conform to        match/ equal/ coincide with    符合

ongoing    continuing        连续的

complexity        sophistication  复杂（性）

ingenuity inventiveness/ cleverness        独创性

plentiful   numerous         丰富的

routinely  regularly  常规地

emergence       rise/appearance      出现

akin to/likewise        similar to 与…类似

occasionally     sometimes       偶尔

steadily    at an unvarying rate/ continuously 连续地

converted         changed   转变

equivalent/ similar  comparable      可比较的

concentrations         dense groupings      浓缩

approximating estimating        近似

altogether        fully  全部

tangible   physical    有形的

sequences        series       一系列

upon reflection         after consideration 反思之后

consult     ask   询问

pursue      engage in          从事

extreme   great        非常的

unfavorable/adverse        negative/disadvantageous/ unpromising/ hostile  不利的

imply/ propose         suggest/ postulate  暗示

eventually/ ultimately      in the end/at a later time         最后

in retrospect    looking back     回顾

exert         put forth  行使

recall        remember        回忆起

prompt/ promote/ incite/ foster     stimulate/ encourage      推动

peculiar to        unique to/ unusual  特有的

needless to say        obviously 毫无疑问的

engage     participate       从事

adhesive  sticky        黏的

intact        whole       完整的

fulfill          achieve/ perform     完成

maintain  claim/ support 宣称；维持

lucrative  profitable          有利可图的

perceive   see   察觉

fluctuations      variations         变动

determinants  causes      决定因素

perfect/ enhance     complete/ improve  完善

dominate control     处于支配地位

exotic       foreign     外来的

take precedence over      have greater importance than         在…之上

elevated  high 高的

remnants          remains   遗迹；遗物

exhibit      display      展示

incredible          impossible to believe       不可思议的

ambitious         impressive but difficult to achieve  有抱负的

embody    incorporate      体现

obsolete  out of date       过时的

imminent about to happen      即将到来

rapport    bond         关系

focused    concentrated   集中

distinction        difference/irregularity     差别

vitality      energy      生命力

thrill excitement       激动

suspended        floating    悬浮的

refinement       improvement   改善

replenish/ renew     restore     恢复

induce      causing the formation of 导致

particularly       especially/notably/ specific     特别地

principally         mainly      主要地

fuels          provides energy for 供以燃料

implement        put into effect 执行

speculate          put forward as a possibility/ guess/ think about     推测

scarce/ devoid short in supply/ lack/ rare/insufficient    缺乏

inevitable          certain/unavoidable/necessary       不可避免的

subdue     defeat      征服

cluster/collective/aggregation        group/ accumulation/collection       集体

hierarchical      having several levels of authority    等级（制度）的

presumably      it is reasonable to assume/probably/most likely/supposedly          据推测

justify       provide a rational basis for      证明…正当

pertinent relevant   相关的

excavated         dug from the ground        挖掘

outweigh exceed     超过

oblige       force         强制

henceforth       from this time on     从此以后

ensure      guarantee        确保

launch      start         发起

1.        Students can receive a better and more efficient education if they spend 11 months a year studying.

2.        Some students prefer to have their final grades determined by numerous small assignments, whereas others prefer to have their grades determined by only a few large ones. Which one do you prefer and why?

3.        The best way to improve quality of education is to increase teachers’ salaries.

4.        If your teacher says something incorrect in a class, what will you do ?

1）Interrupt your teacher right away  2) Keep silent   3) Correct your teacher after class

5.        People living in small towns or villages are more satisfied with their lives than those living in big cities.

6.        In the past, people were more interested in improving their neighborhoods than they are today.

7.        Workers would be happier if they are doing different types of tasks during their workday than doing the same task.

8.        Athletes and entertainers can be good politicians.

9.        Your community has a piece of land and is considering introducing a business to this land. Which business would you prefer? 1. A shopping mall 2. A performing art center 3. A hotel

10.    Governments have done enough to educate people the importance of a balanced lifestyle and healthy eating.

11.    In times of an economic crisis, in which area should the government reduce its spending?  1) Education 2) Heath Care 3) support for the unemployed

12.    The car has greater effects to the society than the airplane does.

13.    Technology designed to make people’s lives simpler in fact make people’s lives more complicated. 

14.    Spending time alone is the best way to relax.

15.    Movies and TV programs made in your own country are more interesting compared to movies and programs made in other countries. 

16.    Some people think at the start of a new year, it’s important to set a goal of improving a specific aspect of life. They call it a new-year resolution. Which of the following new-year resolution would you choose? 1. Help others in your community 2. Improve your health by exercising more and eat nutritious food 3. Manage your time better

17.    People spend too much time communication through social media and text messages.

18.    When choosing a place for living, which factor is the most important one for you? 1) living in an area not expensive; 2) living close to relatives; 3) living in an area with many shops and restaurants. 

 

10月22口语独立题预测

 

Task1:

 

1. Describe a news article or a story that you are interested in recently. And explain why you think it was interesting. Include reasons and details in your response.

 

2. Your university will sponsor one of the following activities for students, an outdoor camping night, a musical festival to experience the local culture or a computer game contention in the dormitory. Which one do you think it’s the best to form new friendship and establish solidarity among students?

 

3. Which method do you prefer in finding a job.

 

4. What kind of strategy do you use to handle an overwhelming amount of work.

 

5. Your friend often feels nervous when speaking in front of a large group of people. What suggestions would give him?

 

6. Among the following types of books, which do you dislike the most? Romantic books, science fiction, or biography.

 

7. If one of your friends wants to transfer major from business to music, what advice would you give him?

 

8. A lot of experienced and inexperienced climb mountains every year, which one of the following adjectives would you use to describe this experience? Adventurous, frightening or foolish?

 

9. Which of the following do you think it's the best way to get to know a new school: joining a one-day campus tour, spending a weekend on the campus play field, or auditing lectures?    

 

10. Your community center now offers classes on the weekends for free. Which of the following class you will choose to take? Give reason to explain your choose. 1) A financial course to help you manage money, 2) Car maintenance and repair 3) Review of Latin-American music.

 

11. Your friend is coming to your country for studying, but he or she is worried about the cost. what are the advices you can offer?

 

12. What do you think is the biggest challenge for a student when they study and how to solve that challenge.

 

13. Which of the following hospital volunteer works would you be interested in doing? Talking to patients, reading to patients or taking care of their families?

 

14. Please describe one characteristic of a house or apartment that you think will make it a good place to live.

 

15. Should students be required to evaluate their professors at the end of the semester

 

16. Describe the disadvantages of moving to a new place？

 

17. If you are a teacher of a tutor group and you are going to take students to a study trip, where would you take them to? A science museum; A local farm; Or a theatre performance?

 

18. What is the most important habit that parents can teach their children?

 

19. Talk about one of the many characteristics your country has which you consider different from the features of other countries?

 

20. Describe the best way for you to deal with disagreement with your friend?

 

 

Task2：

 

1. When you take a trip, do you prefer to just look around, or do you prefer to take pictures and keep a journal on the trip.      

 

2. Agree or disagree: technology devices distance people far more now than before.

 

3. Some people enjoy doing indoor activities, others enjoy doing outdoor activities. Which do you prefer? Explain why

 

4. Your professor is asking you to help with some research on the weekend, but you have planned to go to your sister’s birthday party. Which would you choose? Explain why.

 

5. Do you agree or disagree with the statement that young people should learn how to draw and paint？

 

6. Some people prefer to learn from people and events in the pasts. Others prefer to learn from current people and events. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

 

7. Do you agree or disagree with the statement that the most important class can't be learned in the classroom?

 

8. Do you agree or disagree with the statement assignments handed in late should receive penalties?

 

9. Do you agree or disagree that the boss should keep a close friendship with employees?.

 

10. Some people like to share their thoughts through publications like newspapers and blogs, others prefer to only share them with friends. Which one do you prefer?

 

11. Do you think the government should spend money on saving endangered animals or should private sector take such responsibility?

 

12. Some people prefer to live in the present, others prefer to be prepared for the future and plan ahead. Which do you prefer? Explain why.

 

13. When having an assignment or project to do， some people prefer to finish it long before the due date， others prefer to start doing it right before the deadline. Which one do you prefer and why？

 

14. Some people prefer to live in old buildings, others prefer to live in new and modern buildings. Which do you prefer? Explain why.

 

15. Some people prefer to shop in big shopping malls, others prefer smaller shops. Which do you prefer? Explain why in details.

 

16. Some people prefer to watch news everyday, others prefer to watch news once in a while. Which do you prefer? Explain your answer in detail.

 

17. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Schools need to encourage students to be more creative and use imagination to b e successful person.

 

18. Do you agree or disagree with the statement that children should do house works when they’re old enough?

 

19. Which do you think is better? Deciding on your major before entering college or after taking some courses?

 

20. Do you agree or disagree with the statement that it’s easier to teach primary school students than to teach university students.?