2015年12月19日大陆托福口语解析

Task 1

Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of eating fast food.

Every coin has two sides. Eating fast food can be beneficial and harmful at the same time. The fact that we get to keep our meal plans affordable probably is one of the biggest advantages of eating fast food. Take myself as an example, my parents give me a 500-yuan allowance every month, and since I want to save as much as possible for my school trip to Europe at the end of the semester, I try to spend as little as possible on lunch. So instead of going to a fancy restaurant with my classmates for lunch, I go to this little pizza place on the corner of the street and get a slice of a pizza and a large coke. The food is not bad and it only costs me 15 yuan which means I get to save more money for the trip. But I have to admit T ve been putting on a few pounds since I started eating fast food for lunch every day. If s not very healthy for you. That' s why I try to keep my dinner very light. This way I can get a balanced diet

Task 2

Some people prefer finishing their projects long before the due date while others prefer finishing their projects right before the deadline. Which one do you prefer and why?

I personally prefer finishing my tasks long before the due date for the following reasons. First of all, it makes me feel more at ease knowing that I have enough time before the deadline. I tend to get really anxious when the due date gets closer and I can' t get any work done. For example.last summer vacation I went to London with my parents to visit a family friend, we were supposed to stay there for two weeks but we had so much fun that we decided to extend our stay. So when we finally came back home, I had only 4 days to finish my history research paper. I felt so nervous during these 4 days, I couldn't t clear my mind and I ended up wasting a lot of time writing about something that was not even close to my topic, and I couldn't t sleep well at night with all the stress. It was not a very pleasant experience, so now I always make sure I finish my work long enough before the deadline. Plus, finishing the tasks long before the due date also means that we will have more time to revise our work. You can’t really ensure the quality of your work when you do it last minute.

Task 3

The university is planning to limit the enrollment in art class due to two reasons. The first reason is because there are so many students in a class right now that they can' t have enough interaction with the professor. And the second reason is that this decision will help the university to save money since they no longer have to spend so much money purchasing a sculpture for all students. In the conversation, the woman disagrees with the plan. Her first reason is that even though students may not get that much attention from the professors, if s still better than not being able to take the classes at all. At least students still get to learn something when they are able to take the course. As for the second reason, the woman points out that if the university doesn't t have enough money to purchase what students need for the class, they can ask the students to pay for themselves.

Task 4

In the lecture, the professor introduces the concept of sensory memory ,which means we can remember something for a brief time after the stimulation is gone, but we won’ t be able to recall all the details. He offers us an example to illustrate it. In an experiment several participants were asked to look at some letters. Then the researchers made the alphabet disappear and the participants were asked to name the letters they saw a while ago. It turned out that the participants were still able to remember the image of the alphabet but they could only name a few letters they saw which means that they were not able to recall all the details. That’ s how the professor uses the experiment to illustrate the concept of sensory memory.

Task 5

The woman’ s problem i5 that she locked herself out of her dorm and all her stuff is still in there. There are two possible solutions. The first one is to go to the library and finish her work there. And the second solution is to go to her roommate and borrow her key to the dorm. If I were in her shoes, I’ d choose the first solution because the library is a perfect place to finish her work, also she can do some research for her paper there. I personally don’ t recommend the other solution because her roommate is rehearsing for a very important play, it’ s a little selfish and inconsiderate for her to disturb her roommate. That’ s why in this case, I think the first solution is a better option.

Task 6

In the lecture, the professor talks about two ways animals keep their soft-shelled eggs moist The first way is to lay their eggs in water. Take frogs as an example, frogs lay their eggs in water, and since there’ s enough water surrounding the soft-shelled eggs, it’ s very easy for the eggs to stay moist. The other way is make use of the internal structure of the eggs. Take snakes as an example, snakes’ habitat is usually very farfrom the source of water1 but snakes’ eggs still get to stay moist because of the wet internal structure in the eggs. That’ s how the professor uses the example of frogs and snakes to explain different ways animals keep their soft-shelled eggs moist.

独立写作:The best leader should spend more time listening to other people’s ideas than taking his/her own ideas.

　　History remembers great leaders—kings, presidents, CEOs, and the like—largely for the decisions they make. However, what we often forget is that these decisions are rarely made alone—leaders will often rely on the help of others when weighing their options. While some leaders may prefer to make decisions alone, I think the most effective ones will involve others in the decision-making process.

　　Firstly, letting others participate in the process creates stronger bonds and more trust between the leader and the rest of the group. When others in the group are brought into the decision-making process, they will feel more valued and more essential to the group's success. This will engender a stronger sense of camaraderie and belonging, and subsequently, will lead them to work harder to see their group succeed at their task. Also, they will gain some insight into how the leader makes his or her decisions. This will make the leaders decisions seem less mysterious or arbitrary. The group will come to trust the leader's decisions more in the future—even when they are not part of the decision-making process.

　　Secondly, a leader must attend to many things that demand his or her attention, and making so many judgment calls without the aid of others can be extremely tiring. In fact, studies have shown that the act of decision-making actually fatigues the brain, and that people can only make a limited number of decisions per day before mental performance starts to dip and bad decisions start to be made. This is why people often agree to add needless and expensive options to a new car purchase at the car dealership—after hours of haggling with sly car salesmen over the details of a purchase, they are sapped of all their decision-making sense, and suddenly adding an expensive package to your purchase might not seem like such a bad idea. For the same reason, leaders should involve others when making decisions so that they stay sharp for as long as possible.

　　Finally, when leaders have others involved in the decision-making process, they have people to double-check the quality of their decisions. This is related to the above point about decision fatigue—since leaders usually make the most decisions out of anyone in the group, they will inevitably make a bad decision once in a while. No leader will be working at 100% efficiency all the time. However, if a leader can rely on others to set him or her straight, then it is okay if he or she slips up once in a while because others can point out the problem and set the leader back on the right course. So involving others in the decision-making process not only helps leader prevent fatigue-induced errors, but it also minimizes the damage when these errors do occur.